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根据齿轨铁路的工程特点,分析齿轨铁路基础设施综合维修的相关需求。借鉴国内既有铁路的综合维修模式,提出适合齿轨铁路的综合维修模式。进而对综合维修体系的组织机构设置及具体机构布点提出了建。 相似文献
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Two-dimensional multi-objective optimizations have been used for decades for the problems in traffic engineering although only few times so far in the optimization of signal timings. While the other engineering and science disciplines have utilized visualization of 3-dimensional Pareto fronts in the optimization studies, we have not seen many of those concepts applied to traffic signal optimization problems. To bridge the gap in the existing knowledge this study presents a methodology where 3-dimensional Pareto Fronts of signal timings, which are expressed through mobility, (surrogate) safety, and environmental factors, are optimized by use of an evolutionary algorithm. The study uses a segment of 5 signalized intersections in West Valley City, Utah, to test signal timings which provide a balance between mobility, safety and environment. In addition, a set of previous developed signal timing scenarios, including some of the Connected Vehicle technologies such as GLOSA, were conducted to evaluate the quality of the 3-dimensional Pareto front solutions. The results show success of 3-dimensinal Pareto fronts moving towards optimality. The resulting signal timing plans do not show large differences between themselves but all improve on the signal timings from the field, significantly. The commonly used optimization of standard single-objective functions shows robust solutions. The new set of Connected Vehicle technologies also shows promising benefits, especially in the area of reducing inter-vehicular friction. The resulting timing plans from two optimization sets (constrained and unconstrained) show that environmental and safe signal timings coincide but somewhat contradict mobility. Further research is needed to apply similar concepts on a variety of networks and traffic conditions before generalizing findings. 相似文献
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Recent studies have demonstrated that Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD), which provides an aggregated model of urban traffic dynamics linking network production and density, offers a new generation of real-time traffic management strategies to improve the network performance. However, the effect of route choice behavior on MFD modeling in case of heterogeneous urban networks is still unexplored. The paper advances in this direction by firstly extending two MFD-based traffic models with different granularity of vehicle accumulation state and route choice behavior aggregation. This configuration enables us to address limited traffic state observability and to scrutinize implications of drivers’ route choice in MFD modeling. We consider a city that is partitioned in a small number of large-size regions (aggregated model) where each region consists of medium-size sub-regions (more detailed model) exhibiting a well-defined MFD. This paper proposes a route guidance advisory control system based on the aggregated model as a large-scale traffic management strategy that utilizes aggregated traffic states while sub-regional information is partially known. In addition, we investigate the effect of equilibrium conditions (i.e. user equilibrium and system optimum) on the overall network performance, in particular MFD functions. 相似文献
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This paper uses a case study of a UK inter-urban road, to explore the impact of extending the system boundary of road pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) to include increased traffic emissions due to delays during maintenance. Some previous studies have attempted this but have been limited to hypothetical scenarios or simplified traffic modelling, with no validation or sensitivity analysis. In this study, micro-simulation modelling of traffic was used to estimate emissions caused by delays at road works, for several traffic management options. The emissions were compared to those created by the maintenance operation, estimated using an LCA model. In this case study, the extra traffic emissions caused by delays at road works are relatively small, compared to those from the maintenance process, except for hydrocarbon emissions. However, they are generally close to, or above, the materiality threshold recommended in PAS2050 for estimating carbon footprints, and reach 5–10% when traffic flow levels are increased (hypothetically) or when traffic management is imposed outside times of lowest traffic flow. It is recommended, therefore, that emissions due to traffic disruption at road works should be included within the system boundary of road pavement LCA and carbon footprint studies and should be considered in developing guidelines for environmental product declarations of road pavement maintenance products and services. 相似文献
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随着海洋油气开发工程作业水深的增加,管中管结构承受的波浪、海流深海环境载荷增大,可能会引发强度破坏以及疲劳损伤,造成重大损失,所以开展深水条件下管中管系统的力学行为分析研究是有必要的。本文考虑了顶部张紧力和动态边界,利用有限元模型来模拟管中管结构及其力学行为。并利用接触单元模拟内外管接触的约束条件。综合统计了管柱的接触碰撞位置和应力危险位置,提出了新型扶正器的布置方案,以达到减缓碰撞保护管柱的目的,并对比了等距离设置扶正器的方案。通过对比研究发现本文提出的扶正方案有效减缓了内外管的应力等级,对于实际工程和研究具有一定指导价值。 相似文献
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摘 要:设计了一种鳍片式热电转换模组,并将其应用在船舶柴油机废气余热回收系统中,通过理论和实验,分析鳍片式热电转换系统的影响因素。结果表明:当柴油机负荷为75%,热电晶片总数为1428,排气温度550K 时,设计的鳍片式热电模组发电功率为6.72kW,热电转换效率可达5.42%。排气温度、冷却水温度以及柴油机负荷都会影响热电转换系统性能。随着柴油机负荷的提高,热电转换系统发电功率和转换效率也随之增大,但负荷在75%之前增大的幅度大于从75%~100%的负荷。热电模组鳍片数量会影响转换系统的热端温度和传热量,在条件允许范围内,可通过增加鳍片数目,提高废热回收效率。 相似文献
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激光电弧复合焊克服了传统电弧焊和激光焊的缺点,其良好的焊接特性及可控的焊接成本,使其完全满足邮轮上层建筑建造的技术要求,即:焊后上层建筑外板平整、线型流畅和焊缝成形美观等,且焊接成本应在可控范围。由于目前船级社规范以及国内相关标准尚未制定出可执行的激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可的技术要求,制约了激光电弧复合焊在我国邮轮建造领域的应用。为了获得科学合理的激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可的工艺技术参数,通过焊接工艺试验,就激光电弧复合焊的特性、焊接设备的选配、试验所用的钢板和焊接材料进行了详细介绍;经对焊接工艺试验数据的分析研究,获得并建立了激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺认可所需的最佳可控的焊接工艺技术参数。这些工艺技术参数不仅能帮助船厂顺利完成激光电弧复合焊焊接工艺计划书等焊接工艺文件的编制、焊接工艺试验的实施及其认可,也能为完善规范提供参考,同时还为激光电弧复合焊在我国建造的邮轮上得以顺利实施提供技术支持。 相似文献